Gun Violence in America - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 621 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/03/20 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Gun Violence Essay Did you like this example? Turning on the radio or television to hear the news is becoming a dangerous thing in the United States of America. While there is no risk of immediate physical trauma, there is the advanced risk of heartache, usually accompanied by a sense of disbelief. Could this really have happened again? How has this not been stopped? These questions are two among many that are present in the minds of many when they hear, time after time, about the instances of gun violence and the refusal of the powers that be to do anything significant to curb the never-ending shootings that have become a part of American life. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Gun Violence in America" essay for you Create order So many lives have been reduced to faceless figures on a statistics sheet. The second amendment of the United States constitution is used again and again as an excuse to let the madness continue. The divided opinions of high ranking government officials, the unnerving influence of the National Rifle Association (NRA), and the inaccurate media portrayals concerning instances of gun violence have served to unnecessarily complicate the easily solvable issue of gun control. Guns, and their use, are tightly woven into the fabric of American society. This has been the case since the founding of the nation. The revolutionary war which led to the birth of America would not have been won if the initial patriots were not expert wielders of muskets and other predecessors of modern guns. This role of guns in the founding of the country doubtlessly led to the inclusion of the right to own firearms as the second amendment to the U.S. constitution. This constant use of firearms and force throughout American history make it very difficult for most people to imagine what the country would be like if the use of guns was better regulated. In other words, Americans and their guns are so tightly bound that removing guns from the equation would be equivalent to removing a part of ones body. Though there has always been some argument about the constant use of firearms to settle disputes that could easily be fought out with a pen and paper, the issue of gun control exploded onto the political and public scene in late 2012 after the sandy hook school shooting. Patricia Mazzei, a writer for the New York Times, speculates that this school shooting is cemented in the minds of many Americans because of the large number of casualties, as well as the age of these casualties. Most of those killed during that school shooting were children. Unfortunately, sandy hook was not the end. Rather, it seems that the way the government handled, and the media portrayed, this shooting gave other individuals with similar plans the courage they needed to step out of the shadows and perform their own monstrous acts. From the time of the sandy hook shooting to November 2014, there were approximately seventy-four incidences of gun-based mass violence in the U.S with locations including schools, nightclubs, music concerts, and churches (Mazzei). The number of lives lost slowly rising into the high hundreds. Despite this rising death toll, the U.S. government is trapped in a never-ending cycle which consists of a particularly gory incident inciting some members of the ruling power to propose solutions only to be shot down by those who cling to the second amendment (and their payoff from the NRA for clinging so whole-heartedly). This unending cycle is no-doubt due to the heavy influence of the National Rifle Association in the workings of the American government. Many Americans fail to see how lucrative the gun business is. This failure to realize causes them to vehemently deny that the NRA is such a mighty power where the workings of American gun laws are concerned.

Technology Is Rapidly Growing And Changing Our World

Technology is rapidly growing and changing in our world. Students receiving special education services face challenges both in and outside of the classroom. By using proper technology students’ classroom experience may be improved and they may be more motivated and engaged in learning. Students with disabilities may have difficulty with reading, writing, word recognition, motor skills, and attention. Different types of technology can be utilized to help improve students ability to learn. There are many different articles and research that support that integrating technology in the classroom can be beneficial for both general education and special education students. Smith and Tyler (2010) state â€Å"technology advancements are allowing more and more students to access the general education curriculum and society† (p.28). As technology grows in society it must also grow in the classroom, if the ultimate goal is to prepare students for the real world. There are a variety of types of technology that can be used in the classroom. Technology can range from simple everyday devices to more complex and specific devices. Hasselbring and Glasser (2000) provide a summary of how computer technology can assist special education students in the regular education classroom. According the U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics (2013) approximately 13% of students enrolled in school are being served under the Individuals with Disabilities Education ActShow MoreRelatedThe Summation Of Stress Occurrences Essay1452 Words   |  6 PagesErdogan page 138). Furthermore, our world is rapidly changing. The world becoming a global economy, rapidly changing technology, and increased competition between business is changing roles and expectations. Negative stress is often the result of a combination of undefined roles, rapidly changing technology, group, family, and social influences. 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Introduction To Counseling for Human Traits - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theIntroduction To Counseling for Human Traits. Answer: Introduction The diverse perception in the mindset of the people and the influence of the changes in the outer world extensively affects the human brain and the functioning (Ballesteros, 2014). With definition to psychology, every human mind or individual has two sides of the personality. One side is conscious that directly deals with the outer world and one side is kept hidden that lies below the conscious mind and is completely locked under the awareness (Rosenbaum et al., 2012). Under circumstances of stress or external stimuli the human traits starts to exhibit symptoms of anxiety and trauma (Izard, 2013). Sometimes these cases are too delicate for any individual to discuss it freely with anyone and everyone because of which the anxiety or stress turns to take the form of apathy or depression (Proctor Vu, 2012). In this essay, the human aspects have been discussed as well as the remedies to rectify and lighten the after effect. On further detailing of this essay, the background of psychotherapy or counseling has been explained along with the classification and the types of counseling. The types of issues that are encountered using psychotherapy and counseling, have been discussed as well as the kinds of clients, depending upon whom the counseling has been diversified. To help in better understanding of the psychotherapeutic counseling process of Gestalt Theory as founded by Fritz Perls, a video has been used as reference. The therapy has been used on a client namely Gloria and represented in form of a film, that has been critically analyzed in this essay. The purpose of this essay is understand and analyze the importance of psychotherapeutic counseling as well as the classification and diversification of different process that is followed by the counselor. This essay also helps in the better understanding of the Gestalts theory and practice that has been used on a client during the process of psychoanalysis and counseling. About counseling Counseling is defined as the rational process of helping or assisting a client achieve a better state of mind that is done by the demonstration of a behavior that motivates the client towards problem solving (McLeod, 2013). Counseling has a broad spectrum that deals with behavioral science, procedures of problem solving, making crucial decisions related to career, personal growth and prospects, marriage, familial issues and other interpersonal concerns (McLeod, 2014). Counseling is usually professional interaction between a trained personnel and a client, which is usually one on one kind of interaction. In few instances, the interaction might involve multiple persons to help in better understanding and expression about their personal views and concerns in their lives (Van Deurzen, 2012). Group counseling has been designed to help the clients achieve a better learning about their personal choice that targets through a significant and enlightening choice after successfully counteracting with the emotional and interpersonal problems (Rowan, 2013). Evolution of Counseling Counseling had its first period of evolution from the year of 1850 till the year of 1900 that started with the psychoanalysis movement and the setting up of the first psychological laboratory. The second period of emergence of counseling took place from the year of 1900 till 1930. The fascinating breakthrough in the process of psychotherapeutic counseling began from the year of 1930 till the year of 1940, with the beginning of the psychometric movement, that involves the utilization of various psychometric tests to analyze and study the mental attributions and the abilities of individuals. The fourth and the final stage of counseling took place from the emergence of the Second World War and the year after. With the gradual progress in time, the trends in counseling have changed and modified it. The process conceptualizes the self to include various interpersonal, organized and socio-cultural forces. The relationship with counselor being collaborative in nature along with most of the parameters is related to the qualitative research and the evaluation of the derived data. The psychological problems have been perceived from a speculative and phenomenological perspective. The process elaborates and emphasize on the content of the concern. The counseling process is initiated from the clients end with the concern being intensely explored that finally ends with the goal setting and the intervention. Apart from face to face counseling, interaction with a counselor can be initiated through emails and other internet facilities like chat rooms, video calling and websites. Elements of counseling Counseling has certain features and elements that defines and classifies the process. These elements can also be determined as the features of counseling that are discussed. Counseling is an empathetic relationship between the counselor and the client where the counselor and the client can relate between themselves with a well-established rapport. The counselor focuses and sticks to the issues and concerns of the client and tries to understand and analyze it accordingly. Since the discussion is free and open, the client is provided with the liberty to express anything and everything for the better understanding. An environment of mutual trust and confidence needs to be established to help in better interaction without any gap holes in the communication. In order to achieve a better communication establishment of the rapport is essential. Sometimes the client might be in the state of incongruence, anxiousness and vulnerability. The counselor needs to be unconditional concerning the cl ients condition to help in better understanding and creation of a comfort zone. Counseling can be divided and classified into certain types that have been cited. Individual counseling, Group Therapy, Online and Telephonic Counseling and Self- help Group Therapy. Reason that demands counseling Counseling is a therapeutic process that is essential for certain reasons. Individual going through stressful stimuli or individuals looks for moral and emotional comfort retort to counseling for better awareness and realization (Roddy, 2013). Individuals facing issues related to family and interpersonal relationships, parenting and step parenting concerns, crucial and major life changes and decisions (Dryden Palmer, 2014). Stress from separation and new bonds, concerns related to domestic violence and abuse, suffering from depression and anxiety are also the causes to seek counseling help. Individuals undergoing concerns due to stress, bad temperament, gambling and financial difficulties as well as childhood trauma ask for help to overcome the painful overloading (Hanley, Humphrey Lennie, 2012). Traditional style of counseling The most common style of counseling is usually traditional in nature. They include individual therapy, couple therapy, family therapy and group counseling. Individual therapy is the foremost and primary style of counseling that is taken place where the counselor is functional to understand and empathize on the clients concern (Mearns, Thorne McLeod, 2013). As the name suggests, this is usually a one on one kind of interaction. Creation of bond and rapport is necessary to conduct such counseling process. Intimate issues related to family, relationships, career, life situations and abuse are mostly discussed in this kind of therapy. Couple therapy as the name suggests are most done between couples and the counselor. Concerns related to marital affairs, mid life crisis, lack of communication, anger and depression issues, issue due to past relationships, trust issues between partners and sexual concerns are the most discussed topics in this type of counseling. Family therapy are the process of therapeutic counseling that is mostly concerned with the familial issues such as grief due to loss or separation, child aggression and ill habits, disciplinary differences, difficulty with peers, interrupted cognitive development, teenage concerns, drugs and alcohol abuse (McLaughlin Holliday, 2013). Group therapy is usually concerned with psycho educational groups and is mostly the helping procedure that takes place in groups. Execution of skills training such as anger management, mindfulness, relaxation training and social training skills are achieved through this kind of counseling process. Group counseling is beneficial in its own terms since it facilitates interpersonal learning and self-awareness. Approaches of counseling Counseling has certain approaches that are taken into consideration while adopting the process of counseling clients (Dryden Mytton, 2016). These approaches are specifically adopted depending upon the nature and type of assessment or objectives that are to be attained by the analysis (Holm-Hadulla Hofmann, 2012). The first approach is behavior eccentric approach. As the name suggests the main purpose of this kind of approach is to change and manipulate the behavior of the clients. The irrational, ineffective and self-critic behavior is changed and mould into an effective and endearing one, concerning the testimony of a successful counseling. Usually the behavior counselors do not consider or validate hypothetical concepts and theories of mental functioning like unconsciousness as an important fundamental of psychotherapeutic counseling. From the behavioral perspective, all the behavior adjustments and the concerns are learnt through the same methodology. As a result, it can be modified by cultivating suitable learning principles. This kind of approach usually drives under four learning principles namely drive, cue, response and reinforcement. As such, it is believed that every behavior is subjected to change and modulation with administration of appropriate reinforcements The second approach is the humanistic approach or person centered counseling. Carl Rogers was the known founder of this kind of approach (Rogers, 2012). In other words, this kind approach is also known as the indirect approach or client centered approach (Geldard, Geldard Foo, 2013). The change to a client centered approach reflects Rogers later on recognized that this kind of systematic approach worked in any kind of setting where the helper reaches out to promote the psychological growth and many of the others who are helped (Rowan, 2015). Stages of counseling The process of counseling involves several stages that are incorporated to achieve better results. This stage involves the development of relationship. In this stage the counselor tries to establish a better rapport and relationship with the client to help in creating a comfortable environment in order to ease the client (Cuijpers et al., 2012). The second stage involves the defining of the problem. This stage involves the enclosure or the revelation of the primary concern or the motive of the counseling session. After a rapport has been set and the client feels comfortable with the counselor, the client decides to escalate the motive to the session towards the primary objective. The third stage is about the determination of the goals. In this stage, the counselor chooses and decides the primary objective that needs to be attained through the counseling session. The counselor usually considers the prioritizing of the goal along with the making of a commitment and the decision of taking a specific action in order to achieve the objective. The fourth step involves around the decision of planning the action that needs to be done. In order to achieve this the counselor adopts the method of assessment interview that involves the testing, assessment and the diagnosis of the crisis. The problem is examined and the relevant issues are prioritized. Special focus is imparted on the perspective as well as the acceptance of the problem. Emphasis is given on the self-responsibility as well as the analyzing and the solution of the problem. The fifth and the final step of a counseling session completes with the follow up process. This is the process that involves the imparting of instructions to the clients in order to keep a check and monitor the progress on the indications of the problems as well as imparting supportive provisions for themselves as well. Usually the counselor keeps a record of the clients at regular intervals or the assistant can keep a check on the progress of the clients and impart any back up support if necessary. Fundamental qualities needed for counseling Even though counseling has its different stages of execution, counseling requires one of the positive and strong senses to help understand and analyze the issues. The counselor should fully use the power of listening. The listening skill is one of the primary and crucial skill that is fundamental in the counseling process. Listening includes four kinds of listening such as discriminative listening, Comprehensive listening, critical listening and active listening. In order to help counsel better it is necessary to be a motivated listener, be objective and alert to all cues as well as the use of thinking and speaking time difference. Challenges of counseling Counseling has several benefits in its own terms but along wise counseling also has its own drawbacks and pit falls. In other word, counseling also has its own limitations. The most crucial miscommunication that can rise is due to lack of effective hearing, personal problems, cultural differences, prejudices and connotative meaning. These limitations are the primary barriers to an effective counseling that should be mitigated in order to achieve a better efficiency of the session. Ethics in counseling Certain code of ethics needs to be followed in terms or counseling sessions. These are important since these facilitates a safe, non judgmental space for better reflection and the exploration of the problems and the challenges faced by the client (Bond, 2015). Certain ethics such as conscious about racial and cultural biasness, confidentiality, proper termination, fair judgment regarding rights and dignity should be maintained (Bond Mitchels, 2014). These ethics are imperative to in the development of a culturally safe and suitable counseling environment. Critical analysis of the counseling session of Fritz Perls and Gloria With reference to the counseling session of Fritz Perls and Gloria as well as the Gestalt theory some of the techniques has been demonstrated in the film have been identified (Wagemans et al., 2012). As well as there are notable incongruity between Perls description of Gestalt therapeutic process and the interview process. The similarities have been positioned out in the Perls interview. At the beginning of the video before Perls speaks to Gloria, he speaks about the contrast of the theories of Sigmund Freuds depth psychology and with its help the depth about the situation has been contrasted and the Gestalts theory has been developed (Wagemans et al., 2012). Several aspects of Gestalts theory has been used to bring out the predictable aspects of the clients persona while undeviating the awareness towards the non verbal behavior of the client such as directing towards the development of the clients fantasy while exploring the transmission (Clarkson Cavicchia, 2013). Throughout the film, Perls have been directing Glorias consciousness and her attention towards her non-vocal behavior such as fidgeting with her feet, awareness about the smile, eyes and the facial expression. At one point of time, Perls draws out a consolidated meaning out of one of the gestures drawn by Gloria. Many a times several comments have been made randomly to abruptly break the flow of the communication however as concluded it has been done purposely to serve the concern of meeting the effort to develop the emerging gestalt theory. However, on the notion of Glorias actions it has been observed that several times she has been placed on the defensive and the confused end with the thought that Perls did not acknowledge her by being cynical towards her. It can be observed that Gloria gradually shifted her consciousness towards her non-verbal behavior to enlighten the understanding about the facts she wishes to express, although Perls more than what Gloria observed of Perls took this situation into an advantage. However, on a personal notion the benefits of the Gestalts therapy could not be administered properly since Gloria did not seem to have developed any new understanding about herself with regards to the emerging Gestalts that rose from her non verbal behavior. In the video the gestalt makes proper use of the fantasy on Gloria with several question arise that encourages Gloria to elaborate about her wishes and fantasies. One the contrary, in one instance Perls discourages Gloria from probing further into her fantasies about as a child. Furthermore, Perls probes Gloria and tags her of being 30-year-old girl who is afraid of him although it was pretty unclear about the fact why Perls sharps turned Gloria away from the topic of interest without letting her investigate further. It seemed on reflection to represent Glorias presence at that particular time being, with Perls. From the perspective of Perls evaluation, he referred to Glorias withdrawing by the imagination of hiding in the corner. It is relatively difficult to judge this fantastical aspect of gestalts demonstration and it was a clear indication that Gloria was being overly self-protective about herself. With this notion on personal basis, it can be said that no clear indication could be found regarding the fact that Gloria learnt anything new about herself but it was clear that Gloria understood about the negative reaction that Perls exhibited concerning her, being overly protective. While Perls had a intra psychic orientation about the occurrences in Glorias mind, although this was not clear initially but with re evaluation it could be justified about the tags that has been attached to these orientations. The aim for working with Glorias transference projections was for Gloria to understand and recognize her own reflected attributes onto Perls and for her to re ingest it again. In an instance, Perls tries to reassign an attribute with an related to respect. Following this Perls tags Gloria about demanding respect, after this while repeating the same. Gloria seems to rearrange it and put a conclusion to the Perls fact that she indeed demands respect. Conclusion With the help of this essay, it can be concluded that this video indeed reassures and teaches about newer contributing attitudes while dealing with the clients. As per the film, it can be said about the fact that the client is endeavoring through counseling through his or her beliefs and perception about the surrounding world. It was clear that the client was trying to build a reliable framework of understanding the concerns. It can also be concluded that throughout the film Gloria had perceived the fact that Perls was frequently ignoring her opinions, view and was being extremely cynical towards her. Perls responded harshly to her opinion about being sensitive about playing dumb and stupid. Perls responded to it saying that it was an interpersonal and strategy that Gloria would supposedly use against him. Adding further conclusion, it was clear about the understanding of the use of Gestalts therapy techniques that has been implied on Gloria. Techniques of using directed awareness, i ntentional use of manipulation and trying to suppress are the indirect ways of communication from Perls end. In this manner, Perls was trying to convey and communicate with Gloria about his ideology of value biasness like self-support. The video depicts Perls way of communication as well as his personal style of using domination over Gloria. This video also depicts the process in which Gloria identifies her awareness and speaks about them to Perls as well has her interview experience. Finally, it can be concluded that this film indeed contains huge possibilities or observation and conceptualizing the interview between a counselor and a client. References Ballesteros, S. (2014).Cognitive approaches to human perception. Psychology Press. Bond, T. (2015).Standards and ethics for counselling in action. Sage. Bond, T., Mitchels, B. (2014).Confidentiality Record Keeping in Counselling Psychotherapy. SAGE. Clarkson, P., Cavicchia, S. (2013).Gestalt counselling in action. Sage. Cuijpers, P., Driessen, E., Hollon, S. D., van Oppen, P., Barth, J., Andersson, G. (2012). The efficacy of non-directive supportive therapy for adult depression: a meta-analysis.Clinical psychology review,32(4), 280-291. Dryden, W., Mytton, J. (2016).Four approaches to counselling and psychotherapy. Routledge. Dryden, W., Palmer, S. (2014). Individual counselling.Handbook of Counselling, 39. Geldard, K., Geldard, D., Foo, R. Y. (2013).Counselling children: A practical introduction. Sage. Hanley, T., Humphrey, N., Lennie, C. (Eds.). (2012).Adolescent counselling psychology: Theory, research and practice. Routledge. Holm-Hadulla, R. M., Hofmann, F. (2012). Counselling, psychotherapy and creativity.Asia Pacific Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy,3(2), 130-136. Izard, C. E. (2013).Human emotions. Springer Science Business Media. McLaughlin, C., Holliday, C. (2013).Therapy with children and young people: Integrative counselling in schools and other settings. Sage. McLeod, J. (2013).An introduction to counselling. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). McLeod, J. (2014).Doing research in counselling and psychotherapy. Sage. Mearns, D., Thorne, B., McLeod, J. (2013).Person-centred counselling in action. Sage. Proctor, R. W., Vu, K. P. L. (2012). Human information processing. InEncyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning(pp. 1458-1460). Springer US. Roddy, J. K. (2013). Client perspectives: The therapeutic challenge of domestic violence counsellinga pilot study.Counselling and Psychotherapy Research,13(1), 53-60. Rogers, C. (2012).Client Centred Therapy (New Ed). Hachette UK. Rosenbaum, D. A., Chapman, K. M., Weigelt, M., Weiss, D. J., van der Wel, R. (2012). Cognition, action, and object manipulation.Psychological bulletin,138(5), 924. Rowan, J. (2013).Subpersonalities: The people inside us. Routledge. Rowan, J. (2015).Ordinary ecstasy: The dialectics of humanistic psychology. Routledge. Van Deurzen, E. (2012).Existential counselling psychotherapy in practice. Sage. Wagemans, J., Elder, J. H., Kubovy, M., Palmer, S. E., Peterson, M. A., Singh, M., von der Heydt, R. (2012). A century of Gestalt psychology in visual perception: I. Perceptual grouping and figureground organization.Psychological bulletin,138(6), 1172. Wagemans, J., Feldman, J., Gepshtein, S., Kimchi, R., Pomerantz, J. R., van der Helm, P. A., van Leeuwen, C. (2012). A century of Gestalt psychology in visual perception: II. Conceptual and theoretical foundations.Psychological bulletin,138(6), 1218.

Leader - Leadership Essays - Social Psychology, Leadership

Leader - Leadership How would you describe a leader and/or leadership? A significant part of effective leadership is the close connection between the leader and the follower, which often determines the success of the leaders mission. Unfortunately, this leader-follower relationship cannot be created according to some simple formula. Young leaders of today face special challenges as they try to communicate and interact with their followers and potential followers. By exploring global perspectives, human diversity, and ethics, young leaders can take yet another step forward in their development and preparation for twenty-first century leadership. Globalization has many implications for leadership today and in the future. Global perspectives are being spread to the farthest points in the world and to the most isolated people. People of different cultures come to the United States daily to live, travel, or engage in business. Leaders must respond to this challenge of globalization so they can effectively reach out to as many people as possible. Opening themselves to the worlds changes allows leaders to compare and contrast their culture with the arts, language, beliefs, customs, philosophies, and ways of living of other people. By observing and questioning another culture, leaders can understand the origin of an individuals viewpoints and become more sensitive to the cultural needs of that individual. By continually exposing themselves to other cultures, young leaders can thoroughly develop this global perspective and devote themselves to making connections with the entire world. On a more individual level, openness to human diversity plays a role in adjusting to the changes of the future. People are discovering that even within cultures, individuals come from diverse backgrounds, have different personalities, and prefer different ways of life. Young leaders can build a stronger relationship with their followers as they enhance their own appreciation for human diversity. As people become more diverse, leaders must learn how to communicate with them as individuals if a vision is to be shared, a cohesive group to be formed, and a goal to be achieved. Despite differences in opinions, the leader and followers can work together to complement each other as they move toward the mission of the group. By exposing themselves to all kinds of situation and communicating with many types of people, young leaders can develop an appreciation of human diversity. Conflicts caused by differences among individuals personalities and cultures have created many ethical issues, and the number will only increase in this global society. Leaders may have an especially difficult time facing ethical issues as they inspire followers to their mission. Globalization, human diversity, and ethical issues can be challenging for leaders as they prepare for the next twenty years and beyond. The changing world calls for leaders who will react openly to the introduction of new cultural identities and diversities and who will face ethical issues responsibly. Developing a leadership style in response to global awareness, diversity, and ethics will give young leaders an edge as they build relationships with people from all over the world. Acceptance Essays

The Bird Flu Infection Essays

The Bird Flu Infection Essays The Bird Flu Infection Essay The Bird Flu Infection Essay 1. The Bird Flu Infection Evelyn Rivera July 26, 2008 Speech 101 Informative Speech Imagine waking up one morning not able to move because all your muscles hurt, and have a fever of 112 with a sore throat and you have difficulty to breath. While all this is happening, you can’t see what is going on with you because your eyes are infected. This is what will happen to you if you are infected by the bird flu. Today, I am going to inform you about the Bird flu also known as the Avian Flu. I am going to explain where it comes from, how it affects us, and how the government and health officials are trying to stop the virus from spreading. The social significance of the bird flu is how much it has spread and how it threats our lives. Finally, now that you learned how it affects us I am sure that you want to know how to prevent it. In the website www. cdc. gov , the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also known as CDC, have a vaccine that was approved by the Food and Drug Administration also known as the FDA and is the first U. S vaccine for humans against the bird flu. The CDC and the government set some guidelines to prevent the flu from spreading. For example, they would close the public schools, cancel public gatherings, and any contact for the flu not to spread. In conclusion, the bird flu may become a pandemic threat throughout the world if we can’t prevent it. Today I have informed you about the bird flu. I explained where it comes from, how it affects us, and how to prevent it. If you would like some more information on the Bird Flu you can go to www. pandemicflu. gov. Thank you. 2. Speech to Persuade Energize Me! P. E instructor and father of three Jason Hales neck had been aching for months. After three surgeries, his pain had done little but worsen. The hardest part of the entire situation was now, on top of the daily pain he had to deal with from his physical problem, he had a Vicoden addiction to top it off. In an attempt to stop his downward spiral of pain and pills, Hale contacted a local acupuncturist. After just three sessions, he could experience entire days pain free. Four months into the treatments, Hale was pain and drug-free. A medical miracle? Most doctors and scientists would say no. Thats the reason Hales doctors never informed him of the option of using energy medicine in the first place. Acupuncture is just one of the many treatments in the field of energy medicine that offers true healing results. As such, despite the critics complaints, it should be integrated into mainstream medical institutions and offered to patients as a choice of healing therapies. Admittedly, the field of energy medicine is a confusing topic for many. Energy medicine encompasses so many areas, it can be hard to sort out fact from fiction. The term energy medicine encompasses a variety of different medical techniques, including acupuncture, yoga, reiki and massage. By applying pressure or directing energy through the hands to specific points on the body, it is possible for practitioners to change the flow of energy in the body, alleviating pain and preventing disease. It is indisputable that energy is the way in which the body functions; we need energy for everything from doing physical activities such as running, to digesting food, to even working on the cellular level to grow and copy our DNA. Energy medicine works by diagnosing and treating the blocked flow of energy within our bodies to create balance and well-being. Scientists and doctors in the Western world suggest that energy medicine is little more than a scam. One article went so far as to report that most called it outrageous quackery. In fact, many warn that energy medicine is quite dangerous to those with serious medical conditions, as many choose these practices over more traditional medical procedures. A 1993 New England Journal of Medicine study, though, went against the medical establishment in suggesting that thousands use energy medicine successfully for chronic pain their doctors are simply unable to treat. The simple truth is that practicing energy medicine can help heal and protect the body. By giving patients a choice in mainstream medical institutes, they have more ways of gaining a healthy lifestyle. It is important to note that energy medicine is never dangerous. Therefore, even if a technique doesnt work, the patient will be left in no worse health than when he or she started, which is not always the case with mainstream medical procedures. In view of this fact, there is really no reason to not give energy medicine a chance to help. While many suggest that energy medicine just doesnt work, the other major argument against including it in mainstream medical institutions is that it wastes money. The National Institute of Health created the National Center for Complimentary and Alternative medicine in 1999 with a budget of $50 million dollars. Traditional doctors and scientists were outraged at the fact that the fifty million wasnt allocated to their own programs. Most seem to be against even studying its effects. This is, perhaps, because they are frightened by what preliminary studies show. Since 1966, over three hundred thousand studies have been completed to show the effectiveness of energy medicine. And, if nothing else, energy medicine critics should be silenced by the fact that it provides peace of mind and relieves stress for many patients. Studies have proven that positive thinking or a positive outlook on their disease can help a patient be more receptive to mainstream treatments, which in turn can help cure illness or prolong life. This effect alone is worth the money to help study it. Energy medicine should be a choice for patients, and mainstream doctors should research and accept the benefits of these practices. By allowing energy medicine to be integrated into mainstream medical institutes, we cannot hurt patients who are suffering, and it is very possible that we may help them. The important thing to remember is that by providing many forms of treatment in conjunction with one another, doctors can effectively save the lives of patients, or at least make them comfortable in their last days. Energy medicine is one such treatment method that should always be considered.

The Morality of Using College Essay Consultants

The Morality of Using College Essay Consultants I’m inspired today to address a sticky topic:   the moral issues around getting help with your personal statement/essays for college or MBA admissions. Let me start by saying that The Essay Experts college essay consultants and MBA admissions consultants do NOT write essays for college and business school applicants.   When I get calls requesting that service (and I do get those calls), I have no problem turning down the business. What Do We Do? What do we do at The Essay Expert?   We coach.   We explore ideas.   We help applicants see what is unique about them and their life experiences.   We draw connections.   We suggest directions to take, layers to add, and ways to best impress an admissions committee.   Sure, we also might suggest a few grammatical or organizational corrections.   But in the end, the essay is ALWAYS the client’s essay, NOT ours. Still, there are people who are troubled by the concept of what we do.   Here’s a comment I received after posting a request for a college essay coach: â€Å"†¦ I find this topic/profession very troublesome. Its a slippery slope from coaching a young person about choosing a topic and format and helping them focus to, in effect, writing it for them or do such extensive edits that its no longer the students PERSONAL essay. Yes, Im sure there are essay consultants that put on the brakes, and this one could be one of them, but a position description that is so blatant about the role (take a drab college application essay and turn it into gold!) †¦ gives me pause. Im not naive far from it but of all the pieces in the college application package subject to help, the essay should be the most sacrosanct.† The concerns expressed here are my concerns as well, and my promise is that The Essay Expert does not go down that slippery slope.   Yes, I promise to turn the drab into gold, but by asking key questions of the applicant – not by writing the essay. The NYT and The WSJ Chime In Not long after receiving the above comment, I also came across a New York Times article, Crafting an Application Essay That ‘Pops’, which related the results of a conference attended by nearly 5,000 admissions officers and counselors.   The group, which included professors, admissions officers, and other college administrators, offered nine pieces of practical advice for writing personal statements.   I was happy, and frankly relieved, to see â€Å"Have an editor. All panelists advised having a close, trusted editor and an objective, outside reader.† Soon after, an article came out in The Wall Street Journal with a similar message to M.B.A. applicants:   In Looking for an Edge:   MBA applicants are turning to pricey consultants to help them navigate the daunting admissions process , The WSJ reports that 20% of admitted students say they used an M.B.A. admissions advisor in the application process.   Furthermore, the article relates, â€Å"As the consulting industry has grown, some business schools have become more accepting of it.† In fact, the managing director of M.B.A. admissions and financial aid at Harvard Business School uses admissions consultants as a resource â€Å"to ‘get some field intelligence’ about how prospective students view the school and its admissions process.† The Difference We Make It is unquestionable that having a talented editor can give applicants an edge.   And not everyone has a family member, guidance counselor or close friend who can serve as an editor or consultant.   That’s where The Essay Expert comes in.   Indeed, what we offer that a friend or relative cannot, is an objective eye and the perspective of someone who has read dozens, if not hundreds, of essays.   We will make sure your essay does not sound like anyone else’s. It is especially difficult to find a reliable advisor for M.B.A. admissions, where very specialized knowledge of business schools and their admissions processes is key to choosing the right essay focus and application strategy. In fact, one of our recent clients had enrolled several business school graduate friends to review his essays, yet still required ten hours of our consultant’s time to retool just two of his essay sets. Lingering Questions I understand there is still an issue present.   What about people who don’t know someone who can help, and who also can’t afford to hire someone? I am concerned about that point myself, and do provide assistance to a limited number of clients for a reduced fee or some type of trade.   I don’t believe I have been contacted by anyone thus far whom I turned away solely due to lack of ability to pay. I’m curious to hear your thoughts on this topic. Admissions officers seem to have accepted that many applicants use paid consultants to assist them with the admissions process. Does this fact allay any of the concerns you might have had? I believe The Essay Expert provides an extremely valuable service and that we do not cross the ethical line that would have students presenting an essay that is not theirs. And we do help students transform pedantic or blah essays into stories that capture the hearts and minds of the admissions committee.

Reflection on Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reflection on Ethics - Essay Example This automatically creates an ethical dilemma: if Mark does not buy his girlfriend a present, she will be disappointed in him. On the other hand, if he buys, she will be happy but not for long as she might learn about the incident and rebuke him. Mark will also live in guilt and at its worst; it might metamorphose to a nasty police case. In the health sector, there are ethical problems. Everyone knows the problems that arise with medical techniques such as artificial insemination, organ transplants, plastic surgeries and other techniques. In most cases, when faced by moral dilemmas, people may apply existing guidelines, for instance those passed by an ethics committee, an existing statement of policy or â€Å"common sense," â€Å"rules of behavior† or mostly â€Å"the way things are done† (Leer 206). What we apply to solve ethical dilemmas is not considered in many cases, what matters are the paths which we will take to solve those problems. More often than not, our environment plays a major role on our standards. This environment includes our families, culture and our own internal reflection. Culture comprises of religion, customs, etc. Ethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with questions of morality. This branch has instinctively played a major role in our decisions. Based on the philosophy, there are models of moral theories which exist. However, moral theories such as the right theory (moral rights), utilitarianism and theory of justice are of more influence on our lives. The right theory considers the respect to be accorded to every individual member of the society as well as their fundamental and basic rights. However, critics of this theory say that it does not take responsibility of the costs and benefits of getting respect for another’s right. Hence, most people tend to say that â€Å"your rights end where mine begin." This loophole does not make this theory very appealing. The individuals who subscribe to the theory of justice as their moral

Marketing Principles of Tesco Plc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marketing Principles of Tesco Plc - Essay Example In the paper, a proposal on how Tesco can position a product in a new market will be examined. The microenvironment mostly consists of the various factors that impact the company’s operations directly or indirectly especially from an internal perspective. A rivalry is one of these factors. Tesco has several rivals in the business such as Morrison and Sainsbury’s and needs to keep its position in the market. They have to make sure that their quality, pricing, products, and convenience keep them above their competitors. This is because these are some of the strongest factors that may drive profits to zero if not looked into carefully. A threat of substitutes is another factor that needs to be considered. This is because the products may be sourced from other companies in the same business environment and this would reduce its attractiveness to its clientele. It is, however, benefiting from its bulk purchases since it gets its products at cheaper prices and with greater be nefits trickling down to the clients at the end of the day. Suppliers also determine how a company fairs. This is a horizontal factor that needs to be highly regarded. It affects the production costs and eventually the pricing. They have, however, maintained a tight grip on their suppliers which has made it difficult for the suppliers to look for alternatives. They take bulk orders which the suppliers’ desire and thus making it possible for Tesco to regulate the prices to suit their clientele. The threat of a new entrant poses considerable danger to the company because it has the ability to influence profitability and control the market share. To counter this, they engage in expensive advertising which makes it difficult for the smaller or new companies to match.

The ManCom as Facilitator of Reforms Essay Example for Free

The ManCom as Facilitator of Reforms Essay The school depends much on the political will of the Management Committee as the implementer and facilitator of reforms in the school. Parallel leadership is an ideal concept and through Project IDEAS with the integration of other strategies, the reforms will be successful. The ManCom is provided the authority to make policy decisions. It has to create from within its committee, a team that will plan, implement and evaluate the activities of the project IDEAS to effect the reforms needed, to finally solve the diminishing quality standards of education provided by the school. Shafallah will need multiple strategies that will be implemented simultaneously – â€Å"many things happening at the same time†, and implemented by a team that will seriously and honestly devote their time and skills without bias to achieve successful school reforms. The team may be headed by the Managing Director and with the human resource department as the secretariat. The program will have to involve not only the teachers and the ManCom but also the parents and the leaders in the community who are affected by the diminishing quality of education provided by the school. The program will have to create school-wide awareness that the school is serious about bringing change and a new environment in the school. Supporting activities must accompany the change such as removal of the aspect of â€Å"nationality, race and religion† as a basis for any management decision, and focus on capability building of teachers, developing multi-skilling among existing teachers, leveling benefits through a standardized wage and salary scheme and improved school facilities. The noise created by the advocacy program is in itself, leadership on process. The entire school community will notice that the management is bent on improving the school. The teachers will regain hopes that they will be provided support in terms of exposure and more importantly, the much needed moral support from the management. The future of Shafallah lies in the performance of ManCom in achieving the leadership reforms for the school. Its most important function first and foremost is to establish the school vision and assure that it the picture of what the whole school community would want its school to be. Management with its traditional positional authority will have to step down and collaborate. Another important function is to transform itself (ManCom) and individually as administrators, to act as transformational leaders from purely the positional authority, to leaders who are not only adaptive to change but also willing to collaborate to influence change. (Avolio 1998) Another function is to transform the demoralized teaching force into teacher-leaders. ManCom will develop strategies to process the re-imaging of the teaching force. From the individual classroom practitioner to one who is a â€Å"life-long learner, a self knowing professional who works together with others to achieve a shared purpose. † (Limerick et. al. 1998 as cited in Andrews, 2004) The Community’s Role in the School Reforms The IDEAS was another process introduced by Crowther and his group which has the mechanism to possibly solve the problems of the school. One of the Australian schools that adopted innovations using the Innovative Designs for Enhancing Achievement in Schools (IDEAS) conducted learning programs addressing the capability of the teaching force and the other professionals in the school community. Seaside State School is one of those success stories using IDEAS. The school applied integrated and holistic strategies to accomplish what the school envisioned, through the development of a shared school-wide pedagogy. What is worth replicating in this sample success story is the involvement of the students, the parents and the community. The school implemented major campaigns to influence the entire school community on the vision of the school. Activities such as â€Å"vision week† celebrations strongly attended by the parents, students and the other residents of the community were held. (Andrews 2004)

Music Comes and Goes :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Music Comes and Goes    Different styles of music effect people in many ways. The different styles could be different in religion, culture, and their messages towards the public. Because of the many styles , many questions are found concerning how different music effects people in different ways. Every style of music have their own beats, melodies, and instruments which give different effects to the human year. From that difference people percieve these styles of music in many ways. Some people seem to fancy one type of music more than the others, some people can listen to almost any type of music without haste while some do not really care for music at all.    What kind of music do different age groups listen to? That really is a matter of young people preferring fast beats compared to the adults that prefer easy listenning tunes. Young people from ages fourteen to around the early twenties seem to get into music that have lyrics that contain stories or thiemes on sex, violence, and relationships. Especially music that contain explicit lyrics are popular among the teenagers. The reason behind that is that teenagers are put into a situation where they aren't aloud to do many things concerning their age such as drinking, smoking or seeing highly rated movies. That makes teenagers want to do things that are against the rules to show more individuality among their peers and to appeal their social sides.    Also being in a compressed environment makes the teens to want to rebel in one way or another to feel more independent and strong. On the other hand once you are an adult facing many responsibilities and have true independence, people seem to listen to music with slower beats or music with a realistic point of view on life. Because the person reached adulthood doesn't mean they get calmed down. there is no proof for that . But because of the difference between independence among the teenagers and the adults , adults seem to listen to whatever music they 've chosen as their type of music during their teenage years while teenagers are in the process of searching for what music is the ultimate for themselves . So in a easier way it means that adults are more concervative and teenagers are more liberal about listening to music. Another factor concerning what the different age groups listen to is that music has its biorythm, saying that some types are more popular than the other at certai n times until another type of music takes over.

New Coke Case Study

1.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When Ted Levitt posed the question, â€Å"What business is it in?† he was blurring the distinction between â€Å"industry† and â€Å"market.†Ã‚   Rather than limiting corporate scope, this question challenges companies to look beyond their immediate material product or service and examine the spectrum of ways they can (and should) target the greater public appeal. Coca-Cola is in the beverage industry and in the market of appealing to nostalgia and personal emotional connections to its international patronage.   Coca-Cola’s â€Å"business† is to offer a sweet, fun, memory-inspiring portable beverage that inspires nostalgia for a carefree time gone by.   Coca-Cola is a sense-memory product that relies on a perception of indulgence and comfort. 2.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From its beginnings as â€Å"†Pemberton's French Wine Coca,† in 1886, Coca-Cola’s brand building strategy relied heavily on appealing to the national emotion and current conviction of any given time period.   â€Å"†Pemberton's French Wine Coca† was advertised as a â€Å"nerve tonic,† good for alleviating morphine addiction.   When the nation turned to temperance, Pemberton reinvented the brand appeal by advocating Coca-Cola as a non-alcoholic enjoyable substitute.   Likewise, the ingredient cocaine was removed in response to the public sentiment.   In 1904, the name Coca-Cola appeared, in essentially the same script format as is used today.   By generally maintaining visual continuity, Coke achieves a connotation of timelessness. Coke’s meanings all stem from an emphasis on wholesomeness and small town Americana images.   This was best captured during the Great Depression, when Coca-Cola used the slogan â€Å"The Pause that Refreshes† paired with a seemingly carefree Everyman heading to work.   This contradiction in marketing and real life worked for Coke, which did not suffer a devastating economic impact as a result of the depressed country. Coke began its Santa Claus campaign in the 1920s, but it was artist Haddon Sundblom’s now classic 1931 image of a jolly old man in a bright red suit that solidified the connection between Coke and â€Å"The Most Wonderful Time of the Year.†Ã‚   The iconic figure of the generous and loving figure of comfort matched with Coke’s image as a drink for every good American citizen.   Latching onto the cultural and emotional connection of Christians to St. Nick proved critical to Coke’s attempts to forever connect with the rosy yester-year. This strategy is not replicable in today’s marketing environment.   Socially, the target audience(s) is too polarized for a specific iconic image, particularly an over-commercialized figure associated with a specific religion.   Post Cold-War America is less responsive to over-romanticized images, and given the divisive nature of religious images in the secular marketplace, the response Coke garnered in 1931 would not be the same for a new, less acculturated product. 3. Coke’s advertising stresses brand engagement, emphasizing consumer loyalty and a positive personal image that is common to â€Å"Coke drinkers.†Ã‚   The advertising capitalizes on the cultural desires for conformity, connection to a greater social idea, and purchase with a common and â€Å"more desirable† past; these impulses are satisfied by images and well-crafted slogans or jingles. Coke’s visual art/image campaign directly taps into a level of communication that transcends language barriers.   Their choices reflect strategic attempts to align with patriotic, socially commendable images, including well-known and powerful entertainment luminaries who may have commanded additional financial support. When Hollywood influences fashion, language, behavioral or religious trends, it is widely considered the natural order of the beautiful, wealthy elite modeling correct behavior for the lower, coarser classes.   In contrast, marketers are perceived to be embodying the unethical pursuit of money when they more overtly sell the same trends.   In our consumer-driven culture, however, marketers are fulfilling the edicts of capitalism more legitimately than celebrities. 4.   In contrast to Coke, Pepsi cast itself as the youthful drink: fresh, light, and savvier than antiquated Coke.   Slogans targeted a specific young adult market, and advertising featured pop stars and current sports celebrities.   It was a threat to Coke, though it became much more of a threat due to Coke’s reaction. Coke had built its reputation on core stability, and in response to a legitimate competitor, Coke radically violated the very principles that kept it at the top of the beverage market.   Coke could have reemphasized its history, it’s longevity, it’s fidelity to the taste generations of consumers appreciated and expected; consumers had proven over the years that while other products may gain popularity, Coke would remain a solid choice in the market. 5.   Both Keough and Goizueta assumed that change meant positive progress, and that if Pepsi was succeeding at any level, it was because consumers craved something radical.   The advent of calorie counting led to the boom of diet drinks, and Goizueta had already enacted a shift in corporate philosophy by green-lighting Diet Coke.   In the framework of the Coca-Cola advertising history, these assumptions were directly violating all of the brand building work.   New Coke philosophically undermined what the meaning makers intended. 6.    This case reveals that powerful brand meaning is a double-edged sword:   if a product hinges its campaign on comforting emotional continuance, there will be a logical backlash against change, even in the name of positive progress.   This case demonstrates the role of brand loyalty in the negative light; that is, the consumers’ â€Å"passion† (as Keough suggests) can work swiftly against a favored product due to years of brand meaning cultivation. 7.New Coke failed because it directly conflicted with the brand meaning that executives had worked for decades to confirm in the public consciousness. 8.   Keough is correct, but the statement is misleading to some extent.   Research demonstrated that people didn’t reject the taste of New Coke:   people resented a perceived betrayal by what they were encouraged to believe was the most moral and patriotic of beverage-producing companies.   Coca-Cola’s original, consistent and effective marketing succeeded only too well, effectively destroying the New Coke campaign. Emotional attachments may not be quantifiable within traditional statistical methodology, but Coke had significant data to support the effectiveness of their nostalgia connection to inform them of the customer’s product loyalty.   The customers were simply behaving in the way Coke had spent nearly a century urging them to. Bibliography Fournier, Susan. 1999. Introducing New Coke. Harvard Business Review.

The Guilty Conscience Is As Bad As A Guilty Act

Ladies and Gentlemen of the Jury, I've come here today to present you with a man who wants to justify the murder of his wife. I will show you how unjustified his act and his thoughts were in this not so spontaneous crime. Othello is on trial for murder and I would like to remind you that he has admitted full and absolute blame for this and you should not heed that lightly. Under the circumstances his mental state will come into account, but do not be bewildered by his claims of psychosis as any man could have had these thoughts befallen upon him and not taken action. This act of murder was premeditated, therefore making it first-degree murder. In a passing conversation earlier with Iago, Othello suggests that Desdemona â€Å"shall not live†. (Othello, 4. 1. 170) He goes on to describe how he should murder her as a passing thought. As Othello has stated here â€Å"Hang her! – I will chop her into messes. – Get me some poison, Iago, this night. † (Othello, 4. 1. 174,184,188) Iago goes on to suggest that Othello shouldn't poison his wife but rather strangle her in bed. Othello continued to speak with Iago about how he was going to strangle his wife because of her supposed adultery against him. Even though Iago is an accessory to this crime for his manipulation of Othello's thoughts and his suggestions on how to kill Desdemona, Othello is still at fault for the proceeded crime. Mens rea suggests that Othello knew murdering his wife was wrong and yet he did so out of spite. His actus reus suggests that in killing his wife he was distraught and did act in the heat of passion, yet still mens rea proves him guilty of this act and his malice aforethought. His psychological state is that of every other man with a jealous, green monster on his back. He is not warranted to any plea of insanity as he acted on a conscious and well planned thought, which does not concede in insanity. Othello once more admits to his guilty consciousness of this crime in his words just before he murdered Desdemona: â€Å"Yet I'll not shed her blood. Nor scar that whiter skin of hers than snow and smooth as monumental alabaster. Put out the light, and then put out the light. If I quench thee, thou flaming minister, I can again thy former light restore, should I repent me. But once I put out thy light, thou cunning'st pattern of excelling nature, I know not where is that Promethean heat that can thy light relume. When I have plucked the rose, I cannot give it vital growth again, it needs must wither. I'll smell it on the tree. Ah, balmy breath, that dost almost persuade justice to break her sword! One more, one more. Be thus when thou art dead, and I will kill thee, and love thee after. One more, and this the last. So sweet was ne'er so fatal. † (Othello, 5. 2. 3-20) He suggests that he will not mar her as to ruin her skin, and yet he wishes to â€Å"put out her light† metaphorically saying he wishes she were dead. He goes on to contemplate his actus reus by comparing her to a flame and a rose that can not be restored after its eradication. Othello planned the murder of his wife with his inferior soldier, he knew what he was doing was wrong, and he continued to smother her as she pleaded for her life. Desdemona begged for her life shortly before her death: â€Å"Oh banish me, my lord, but kill me not! – Kill me tomorrow, let me live tonight! – But half an hour! – But while I say one prayer! â€Å". She was unjustifiably murdered for an act she knew she had not committed. Othello acted on his jealousy and thoughts of malice rather than his love and faith in his wife, does this not make him a guilty man? Should Othello be acquitted of this crime or convicted of this horrendous act of murder as it is? That is for you to decide. Perrine's Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense, Eleventh Edition. Thomas R. Arp, Greg Johnson. Senior Publisher: Lyn Uhl. Publisher: Michael Rosenberg. Development Ed: Helen Triller. Assistant Ed: Erin Bosco. Boston, Ma. Years Published: 2006, 2009, and 2012. Shakespeare, William. Othello. Pages 1276-1369.

Typhoons essays

Typhoons essays Typhoons, what are they and how hazardous are they? When I started searching for my article, I came across the word typhoons; it sparked an interest in wanting to know what it was and how hazardous it could be. Typhoons are tropical cyclones that occur in the western Pacific or Indian oceans. They are basically what we call Hurricanes in the North Atlantic Ocean, the Northeast Pacific Ocean east of the dateline, or the South Pacific Ocean east of 160E. In China one of the natural hazards include frequent typhoons, about 5 per year along the southern and eastern coast. This year one of the most powerful storms of the season and one of the most powerful typhoons since 1997 hit in August. The typhoon was named Rananim, which means hello in the Chuukesse language. I found an article about Rananim on CNN.com (http://edition.cnn.com/2004/WEATHER/o8/14/china.typhoon/index.html) The storm hit land on Thursday night in the city of Wenling. The winds were more than 160kph which is about 100mph, it weakened into a tropical storm as it moved west on Friday. The answer to the question Why I Care is I care about the injured people and animals, all the people who have lost there home, and because I need to be more knowledgeable about what goes on in the world, not just weather wise of course. A little over 410,000 people were evacuated from its path but still this storm injured over 1,800, killed 115, and 16 people were missing. The rain destroyed cropland and killed thousands of livestock. And more than 42,000 houses were destroyed and tens of thousands damaged. The only positive that came from Rananim is that it is expected to help relieve drought and heat waves that are effecting much of Eastern China. In conclusion, typhoons are tropical cyclones that affect many people, but also have a positive aspect in some places. The Typhoon Rananim affected China very greatly you can see this by the big numbers in the ...

Biography of Steve Jobs, Co-Founder of Apple Computers

Biography of Steve Jobs, Co-Founder of Apple Computers Steve Jobs (February 24, 1955–October 5, 2011) is best remembered as the co-founder of Apple Computers. He teamed up with inventor  Steve Wozniak to create one of the first ready-made PCs. Besides his legacy with Apple, Jobs was also a smart businessman who became a multimillionaire before the age of 30. In 1984, he founded NeXT computers. In 1986, he bought the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm Ltd. and started Pixar Animation Studios. Fast Facts: Steve Jobs Known For: Co-founding Apple Computer Company and playing a pioneering role in the development of personal computingAlso Known As: Steven Paul JobsBorn: February 24, 1955 in San Francisco, CaliforniaParents: Abdulfattah Jandali and Joanne Schieble (biological parents); Paul Jobs and Clara Hagopian (adoptive parents)Died: October 5, 2011 in Palo Alto, CaliforniaEducation: Reed CollegeAwards and Honors: National Medal of Technology  (with  Steve Wozniak), Jefferson Award for Public Service,  named the most powerful person in business by Fortune  magazine,  Inducted into the  California Hall of Fame, inducted as a  Disney LegendSpouse: Laurene PowellChildren: Lisa (by Chrisann Brennan), Reed, Erin, EveNotable Quote: Of all the inventions of humans, the computer is going to rank near or at the top as history unfolds and we look back. It is the most awesome tool that we have ever invented. I feel incredibly lucky to be at exactly the right place in  Silicon Valley, at  e xactly the right time, historically, where this invention has taken form. Early Life Jobs was born on February 24, 1955, in San Francisco, California. The biological child of Abdulfattah Jandali and Joanne Schieble, he was later adopted by Paul Jobs and Clara Hagopian. During his high school years, Jobs worked summers at Hewlett-Packard. It was there that he first met and became partners with Steve Wozniak. As an undergraduate, he studied physics, literature, and poetry at Reed College in Portland, Oregon.  Formally, he only attended one semester there. However, he remained at Reed and crashed on friends sofas and audited courses that included a calligraphy class, which he attributes as being the reason Apple computers had such elegant typefaces. Atari After leaving Oregon in 1974 to  return to California, Jobs started working for Atari, an early pioneer in the manufacturing of personal computers. Jobs close friend  Wozniak was also working for Atari. The future founders of Apple teamed up to design games for Atari computers. Hacking Jobs and Wozniak proved their skills as hackers by designing a telephone blue box. A blue box was an electronic device that simulated a telephone operators dialing console and provided the user with free phone calls. Jobs spent plenty of time at Wozniaks Homebrew Computer Club, a haven for computer geeks and a source of invaluable information about the field of personal computers. Out of Mom and Pops Garage By the late 1970s, Jobs and Wozniak had learned enough to try their hand at building personal computers. Using Jobs family garage as a base of operation, the team produced 50 fully assembled computers that were sold to a local Mountain View electronics store called the Byte Shop. The sale encouraged the pair to start Apple Computer, Inc. on April 1, 1979. Apple Corporation The Apple Corporation was named after  Jobs favorite fruit. The Apple logo was a representation of the fruit with a bite taken out of it. The bite represented a play on words: bite and byte. Jobs co-invented the  Apple I  and  Apple II  computers together with  Wozniak, who was the main designer, and others. The Apple II is  considered to be  one of the first commercially successful lines of personal computers. In 1984, Wozniak, Jobs, and others co-invented the  Apple Macintosh  computer, the first  successful home computer with a mouse-driven graphical user interface. It was, however, based on (or, according to some sources, stolen from) the Xerox Alto, a concept machine built at the Xerox PARC research facility. According to the Computer History Museum, the Alto included: A mouse. Removable data storage. Networking. A visual user interface. Easy-to-use graphics software. â€Å"What You See Is What You Get† (WYSIWYG) printing, with printed documents matching what users saw on screen. E-mail. Alto for the first time combined these and other now-familiar elements in one small computer. During the early 1980s, Jobs controlled the business side of the Apple Corporation. Steve Wozniak was in charge of the design side. However, a power struggle with the board of directors led to Jobs leaving Apple in 1985. NeXT After leaving Apple,  Jobs founded NeXT, a high-end computer company. Ironically, Apple bought NeXT in 1996 and Jobs returned to his old company to serve once more as its CEO from 1997 until his retirement in 2011. The NeXT was an impressive workstation computer that sold poorly. The worlds first web browser was created on a NeXT, and the technology in NeXT software was transferred to the Macintosh and the iPhone. Disney Pixar In 1986, Jobs bought The Graphics Group from Lucasfilms computer graphics division for $10 million. The company was later renamed Pixar. At first, Jobs intended for  Pixar to become a high-end graphics hardware developer, but that goal was never met.  Pixar moved on to do what it now does best, which is make animated films. Jobs negotiated a deal to allow Pixar and Disney to collaborate on a number of animated projects that included the film Toy Story. In 2006, Disney bought Pixar from  Jobs. Expanding Apple After Jobs returned to Apple as its CEO in 1997, Apple Computers had a renaissance in product development with the iMac, iPod, iPhone, iPad, and more. Before his death, Jobs was listed as the inventor and/or co-inventor on 342 United States patents, with technologies ranging from computer and portable devices to user interfaces, speakers, keyboards, power adapters, staircases, clasps, sleeves, lanyards, and packages. His last patent was issued for the Mac OS X Dock user interface and was granted the day before his death. Death Steve Jobs died at his home in Palo Alto, California, on October 5, 2011. He had been ill for a long time with pancreatic cancer, which he had treated using alternative techniques. His family reported that his final words were, Oh wow. Oh wow. Oh wow. Legacy Steve Jobs was a true computer pioneer and entrepreneur whose impact is felt in almost every aspect of contemporary business, communication, and design. Jobs was absolutely dedicated to every detail of his products- according to some sources, he was obsessive- but the outcome can be seen in the sleek, user-friendly, future-facing designs of Apple products from the very start. It was Apple that placed the PC on every desk, provided digital tools for design and creativity, and pushed forward the ubiquitous smartphone which has, arguably, changed the ways in which humans think, create, and interact. Sources Computer History Museum.  What Was The First PC?Gladwell, Malcolm, and Malcolm Gladwell. â€Å"The Real Genius of Steve Jobs.†Ã‚  The New Yorker, 19 June 2017.Levy, Steven. â€Å"Steve Jobs.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 20 Feb. 2019.

Bureaucracy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bureaucracy - Essay Example In the preeminent conditions, this distinctiveness allows a bureaucracy to function efficiently. Workers in a specialization bureaucracy carry out specific responsibilities that call for teaching and proficiency. Nevertheless, the downside to specialization is that bureaucrats frequently cannot take up a chore that is external to the range of their job description. In hierarchical organization bureaucracy, the organization is called a hierarchy; a series of stages from the nearly all basic worker in the institute to the premier director. Each stage has openly distinct influence and responsibilities. On the other hand, in formal rules, bureaucracies are designed with the purpose of functioning under prescribed rules. These guidelines affirm how all tasks in the organization are being carried out. These guidelines are frequently referred to as standard operating procedures and are formalized in measure manuals. The bureaucrats waste no time by way of following these rules (Berger 20-34 ). There are negations in the operation of a bureaucracy, nevertheless. The hierarchal system somehow may create a situation whereby staff finds it hard to question the judgment of supervisors. Sociologists use numerous plans and techniques to examine society and social behavior. Most sociological behavior engages ethnography designed to represent the distinctiveness of a population as entirely as possible. There are three research models, including longitudinal, cross-sectional and cross-sequential. These three models are all seemingly distinct in their own way. In cross-sectional research model, scientist examines a number of persons of varying ages who have similar characteristics of significance at a single time. On the other hand, cross-sequential model the scientists test persons in a cross-section taster more than once over a particular period of time. Lastly, in longitudinal design, the scientists analyze the same persons or community repeatedly over a particular period of t ime (Mills 50-77). A section of sociologists carry out research by using data that other existing social scientist. The use of openly available information is recognized as secondary analysis. This model is mostly common in circumstances in which gathering fresh data is unworkable or needless. The other way in which a sociologist can analyze data is by studying an individual with abnormal condition. For this case, the clinical sociologist may be compelled to use self-report measure to obtain quantifiable data on the issue. This is usually the case with case studies which are used in obtaining useful data about persons and small groups. However, case studies have a tendency of only applying to individuals with similar traits rather than to the wide-ranging population. The other way a sociologist can analyze data collected is by examining the information collected from surveys. Ideally, the nature versus nature debate deals with the relative significance of a person’s innate tr aits. This hypothesis is used independently to discuss the influence of heredity and environment upon social advancement. As we see it, the argument is based upon the comparative contributions of genetic heritage and environmental features to human progress. Some thinkers such as Plato and Descartes propose that certain things are innate despite the environmental influences. Conversely, Locke suggests that the lot that we are and all our wisdom is established by our skills. Recently, many specialists are of

Philosophy of science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Philosophy of science - Essay Example Such arguments have now resulted in the creation of a philosophical problem, the problem of induction that stands disputed, especially in case of the scientists that are in continuation of using this technique of considering limited number of instances to derive a universal formula. In order to understand the problem of induction, the example of swans will be evident to provide an effective understanding of the issue. By means of induction, it was a universal principle that swans are white, as few centuries ago, people had only seen white swans, and the scientists were inclined to derive the declaration that all swans are white. In this regard, scientists have until today continued to magnify specific observations to create common principles to carry out their planning for prospects of the physical world. However, the major argument of the adversaries of this methodology argues regarding the validity of such suppositions based on only finite observations. Until today, various experts2 have argued over the problem of induction; however, historical evidence indicates that David Hume was the first person to inquire about this issue, and carry out analysis accordingly. During his analysis, he wrapped up by saying that inductive suppositions do not carry any logical explanations, and thus, it is incorrect for scientists to originate universal theories based on such finite observations3. In response, various philosophers endeavored to come up with a solution; however, this problem of induction has remained a major problem in the Western philosophy due to its disputed nature. In this regard, Hume enjoys huge number of advocates until today; however, few of the experts have criticized Hume’s critique on the problem while concluding that although such inferences do not carry justifications4. However, it is erroneous to specify that science depend on the

CASE STUDY PHASE 3 - FINAL PHASE Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

PHASE 3 - FINAL PHASE - Case Study Example Risk mitigation strategies are divided into four: Risk Acceptance, Risk Avoidance, Risk Limitation and Risk Transference. This is a kind of strategy where the owner of the Apple decides to accept that they are working under some risks and decided to live with it without doing anything. Accepting risks will not see to it that the negative impacts associated with the risks are reduced or eliminated completely. Risk acceptance strategy is usually a common option of choice when the calculated cost avoidance and/ or limitation as other strategies are deemed to be more than the cost of risk. Risks that don’t tend to happen frequently are always preferred to be accepted rather than being reduced or eliminated (Mark, Galai, & Clouhy, 2005). Apples outsourcing operation can therefore be only accepted since the cost of manufacturing these parts by itself, is much more expensive than the risk that accompanies it. The risks that are associated with the disruption of the other companies that Apple deals with also have a low likelihood of occurring. This is a strategy that sees to it that risk exposure is avoided at all costs. It is opposite to risk acceptance. In terms of cost of implementation, it is expensive than all the other three strategies of risk mitigation (Mark, Galai, & Clouhy, 2005). For the Apple scenario, an example can be Apple decides to manufacture its products so as to see to it that their fate does not rely on the functionality of other companies. This will be expensive in nature since it will mean that Apple will have to expand its size and bring more specialists in. Using this strategy will mean that Apple stops outsourcing for services and therefore come up with its own human capital which will be more expensive. The budget of apple will therefore shoot sky high but the risks related to reliance on other companies will have been avoided. Most businesses prefer the risk limitation strategy compared to other strategies

Fragile X Syndrome Symptoms and Investigation

Fragile X Syndrome Symptoms and Investigation Title Complications and investigations of Fragile X syndrome Introduction Fragile X syndrome is considered the most common heritable form of mental retardation, it affects approximately 1 in 4000 males and 1 in 8000 female it is an X linked disease caused by mutation in the† FMR1 gene â€Å"This mutation in dynamic it varies in length and so in severity from generation to generation The syndrome is more severely affecting boys It is associated with by prominent or long ears This abnormal morphology suggests abnormal auditory function.. The mutational mechanism, combined with the location of this gene on the X chromosome, leads to remarkable inheritance patterns in which the relevant alleles are passed from intellectually normal men through their unaffected daughters and then to affected sons Aim of Work Study the complications and achieve accurate investigation of fragile X syndrome Methods Meta-analysis randomized controlled trials studies were revised of Fragile x analysis patients either complicated with hemiplegia or not , and Systematic review and several case control studies were revised about hearing assessment using auditory evoked potential or auditory stimuli on children with fragile X syndrome were identified based on systematic searches of 5 electronic databases including Pubmed database ,in addition to Searching on internet on site of national fragile x foundation and site † European Journal of Human Genetics†, which provide me with many information that helped me in proving the role of chromosome Karyotyping and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) microarray in investigation of Fragile X syndrome Results According to Above Methods , Sample of Children with Fragile X syndrome showed that Seizures are reported to occur in 10 to 20 percent of cases with a full mutation FXS 1 and are typically of the complex partial type 4. About 25 – 50 % suggested a high incidence of autistic behavior , most of them were in the mild to moderate autistic range while few suggested to have severe autism . Also, another screening studies were done and revealed that the sensitivity to develop autism in children with FXS is very high. in one cross sectional study, Participants (aged 10-23 years) included 17 males and females with FXS and 16 males and females serving as controls. Patients with FXS showed decreased functional connectivity in the salience, precuneus, left executive control, language, and visuospatial networks compared with controls. Decreased fALFF in the bilateral insular, precuneus, and anterior cingulate cortices also was found in patients with FXS compared with control participants, it is evident that FXS is a neurogenetic disorder characterized by a cognitive and behavioral phenotype resembling features of autism spectrum disorder. But no cases develop a more serious neurologic disorder such as hemiplegia as one of its complications In control studies which is done on sample of children with Fragile X syndrome after chromosome Karyotyping We found a break, or weakness, on the long arm of the X chromosome. it was helpful, it was not always accurate as, those with premutations did not have the typical â€Å"Fragile X† chromosome as seen under the microscope. Also, using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) micro array is very useful  as Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) micro array is a genetic test to detect any small deletions and duplications of the subtelomers of chromosomes Several case control studies was performed using auditory evoked potential One of them was made on 10 girls with fragile X syndrome and another age matched typically developing controls aimed at performing an auditory temporal discrimination task in a 3T scanner proved that there is significantly great brain activation in the left lateralized network On the other hand a case control study was mad on 23 with FXS and 21 controls by using auditory evoked potential and it proved that AEP of fragile X syndrome patients is within the normal limits Conclusion From above studies methods and their results, it was found that there is many complications of fragile X syndrome as: Seizure, which is reported to occur in 10 to 20 percent of cases with a full mutation FXS  high percentage of Fragile X syndrome patients develop autism . There are also evidence of developing other developmental disorders But, no case has been reported to develop hemiplegia so, the fragile x patient is not prone to be hemiplegic. Above studies also showed the accurate investigations for FXS as  chromosome Karyotyping help in diagnosis of Fragile X syndrome I recommend it in this case to show the affected gene but , it was not always accurate hearing assessment is recommended to diagnose fragile X syndrome as most of these children have hearing difficulties Although the absence of these difficulties does not rule out the disease (CGH) micro array is recommend in to investigate case with fragile X chromosome.As it can detect specific abnormalities in a chromosome. References Scambler DJ, Hepburn SL, Hagerman RJ, Rogers SJ. A preliminary study of screening for risk of autism in children with fragile X syndrome: testing two risk cut-offs for the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2007 Apr;51(Pt 4):269-76. PubMed PMID: 17326808. Petit E, Hà ©rault J, Raynaud M, Cherpi C, Perrot A, Barthà ©là ©my C, Lelord G, Mà ¼h JP. X chromosome and infantile autism. Biol Psychiatry. 1996 Sep 15;40(6):457-64. PubMed PMID: 8879465. Lee AD., Leow AD., Lu A., et al 3D Pattern of brain abnormalities in fragile X syndrome visualized using tensor-based morphometry. Neurolmage. 2007;34:924–938. Haas BW., Barnea-Goraly N., Lightbody A., et al Early white-matter abnormalities of the ventral frontostriatal pathway in fragile X syndrome. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2009;51:593–599. Ribacoba Montero R, Salas Puig J, Fernà ¡ndez Toral J, Fernà ¡ndez Martà ­nez JM, Moral Rato M. [Fragile X syndrome and epilepsy]. Neurologia [Internet]. 1995 Feb [cited 2013 Dec 1];10(2):70–5. Musumeci SA, Hagerman RJ, Ferri R, Bosco P, Dalla Bernardina B, Tassinari CA, et al. Epilepsy and EEG findings in males with fragile X syndrome. Epilepsia [Internet]. 1999 Aug [cited 2013 Dec 1];40(8):1092–9. Crawford DC, Acuna JM, Sherman SL: FMR1 and the fragile X syndrome: human genome epidemiology review. Genet Med 2001; 3: 359–371. Hagerman RJ: Medical follow-up and pharmacotherapy; in Hagerman RJ, Hagerman PJ (eds):: Fragile X Syndrome: Diagnosis, Treatment and Research, 3rd edn. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002, pp 287–338. Roberts J, Hennon EA, Anderson K, Roush J, Gravel J, Skinner M, et al. Auditory brainstem responses in young males with Fragile X syndrome. Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR [Internet]. 2005 Apr [cited 2013 Dec 2];48(2):494–500. Rueda J-R, Ballesteros J, Guillen V, Tejada M-I, Solà   I. Folic acid for fragile X syndrome. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews [Internet]. 2011 Jan [cited 2013 Dec 3];(5):CD008476. Keywords :- FragileXsyndrome – autism- epilepsy- CGH-chromosome karyotyping -auditory evoked potential -hemiplegia

Hamlet :: essays research papers

William Shakespeare’s Hamlet is a play full of sorrow and excitement, its full of gore and incest. The play has a large amount of betrayal and the person supplying most of that is Claudius, the king and Hamlets uncle. Claudius is cold-hearted, full of hate, and a coward. He is the king but, the ironic thing about that is he should not be and as Hamlet is the prince, the death of his father should put him at the throne.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The play starts off with a tense setting, as the guards have seen a ghost that looks like the old king or Hamlets father who they believed had died of a snake bite. This is the showing of the first cruel deed Claudius has done, the reader does not know yet but Claudius is the reason that King Hamlet dies. The reader knows that it is Claudius when Hamlet encounters the ghost and the ghost tells Hamlet, “Thus I was sleeping, by a brothers hand, of life, at crown, of queen, at once dispatch’d.';(1) The meaning of the ghost’s quote is that he is telling Hamlet that Claudius killed him when he was asleep and that he took his crown and his queen. This is the first time the reader really knows that Claudius is cold-hearted and ruthless.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After Hamlet heard this, he held a play where the murder of his father is reacted in a scene, that Hamlet himself designed. The purpose of this was to see Claudius’s reaction to the scene to prove if Claudius is the real murderer or not. After Claudius sees the play he storms out of the stage scared and surprised. Claudius then prays to heaven for forgiveness of his sins since he knows that Hamlet has figured out what he has done, he does this so he will not get sent to hell. Claudius says, “My words fly up, my thoughts remain below: Words without thoughts never to heaven go.';(2) He is praying for forgiveness but he is not sorry, he just doesn’t want to get sent to hell and that is what the quote is saying, since he is not sorry his words remain below, or on Earth. This further proves how cold-hearted Claudius is, he has killed his brother, taken his crown, taken his wife, has been discovered, and he still does not feel guilty at all about what he has done.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Claudius now knows that Hamlet has figured him out and what he has done, so Claudius plans to send Hamlet away to England with a note for the king of England to have Hamlet killed.

Defense of Marriage Act

In 1996, Congress enacted the Defense of Marriage Act (â€Å"DOMA†), which added the following definition to the United States Code: â€Å"†¦[T]he word â€Å"marriage† means only a legal union between one man and one woman as husband and wife, and the word â€Å"spouse† refers only to a person of the opposite sex who is a husband or a wife. † (Defense of Marriage Act sec. 3). Since the enactment of DOMA, however, five states (Iowa, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Vermont and Massachusetts) have come in direct conflict with the law by conferring full legal status to same-sex marriages.Thus, a same-sex couple may be legally married in their state of residence but would not be recognized as such under federal law. The Supreme Court, in light of its own binding precedent, must recognize that marriage, is a constitutionally-guaranteed, fundamental right of all citizens. Because DOMA interferes with such rights, it must be overturned as unconstitutional, and th e federal government must recognize same-sex marriages performed legally in states where such marriages are permitted. In a landmark post-DOMA case, the Supreme Court overturned its earlier decision in Bowers v.Hardwick, and held that state anti-sodomy laws restricting consensual sexual behavior between adults, same-sex or otherwise, were unconstitutional (Lawrence v. Texas 558). The Court held â€Å"†¦that our laws and tradition afford constitutional protection to personal decisions relating to marriage, procreation, contraception, family relationships, child rearing, and education†¦. Persons in a homosexual relationship may seek autonomy [in making these choices]†¦ just as heterosexual persons do† (Lawrence v. Texas 574). States’ ability to define or limit marriage is further diluted by the equal protection doctrine.The right to marry is fundamental and, as such, cannot be defined so as to apply to citizens on an unequal basis or on the basis of classi fication. The equal protection doctrine is derived from the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution, which provides that no citizen of the United States or any state shall be denied â€Å"equal protection of the laws† (U. S. Constitution, amend. 14, sec. 1). Prior to 1996, the Supreme Court’s equal protection decisions progressively made strides toward greater personal freedoms and greater recognition of the fundamental rights of individuals.By defining marriage solely as a relationship between a man and a woman, Congress attempted to slam the door on decades of Supreme Court jurisprudence. The Supreme Court famously addressed the right to marry as a matter of equal protection in the 1967 decision of Loving v. Virginia. Striking down anti-miscegenation statutes in more than 20 states, the court held â€Å"[t]here can be no doubt that restricting the freedom to marry solely because of racial classifications violates the central meaning of the equal protection clauseâ €  (Loving v.Virginia 12). The Supreme Court has also recognized the right of prison inmates to marry (Turner v. Safley, 78). In so doing, the court addressed specifically whether the inability to consummate a marriage affects the constitutional protection afforded such a relationship. In her opinion for the court, Justice O’Connor wrote: â€Å"Many important attributes of marriage remain, however, after taking into account the limitations imposed by prison life†¦.[M]arriages†¦are expressions of emotional support and public commitment†¦hav[e] spiritual significance†¦ [and] [f]inally, marital status often is a precondition to the receipt of government benefits (e. g. , Social Security benefits), property rights (e. g. , tenancy by the entirety, inheritance rights), and other, less tangible benefits†¦. These incidents of marriage, like the religious and personal aspects of the marriage commitment, are unaffected by the fact of confinement or the pur suit of legitimate corrections goals.† (Turner v. Safley 95-96) All the minimal hallmarks of marriage enumerated by the Court in Turner can exist in a legal same-sex marriage; with the sole exception of the couple’s ability to obtain the federal government benefits denied them by DOMA. In a case that perhaps best encapsulates the Supreme Court’s belief in the breadth of the right to marry, the Court addressed a Wisconsin law that prevented people with child-support arrearages from marrying. (Zablocki v. Redhail, 434 U. S. 374 (1978)).In holding the law unconstitutional, the court stated that â€Å"[a]lthough Loving arose in the context of racial discrimination, prior and subsequent decisions of this Court confirm that the right to marry is of fundamental importance for all individuals† (Zablocki v. Redhail 384). If marriage is a right of â€Å"fundamental importance for all individuals,† (Id. ) it is necessarily a fundamental right for homosexual me n and women. In conclusion, the Defense of Marriage Act and the federal government’s failure to recognize legal same-sex marriages are unconstitutional.DOMA illegally interferes with the fundamental right of homosexual individuals to choose whom they wish to marry. The United States was undergoing a major conservative revolution at the time DOMA was passed. The times have changed. As Justice Kennedy wrote in 2003, seven years after DOMA was enacted, â€Å"†¦[T]imes can blind us to certain truths and later generations can see that laws once thought necessary and proper in fact serve only to oppress. As the Constitution endures, persons in every generation can invoke its principles in their own search for greater freedom† (Lawrence v.Texas, 579). It is time for the Supreme Court of this generation to lift the oppression of DOMA and require the federal government to recognize legal same-sex marriages. Works Cited Defense of Marriage Act, U. S. Statutes at Large 2419 (1996): sec. 3. Desylva v. Ballentine, 351 U. S. 570 (1956). Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U. S. 558 (2003). Loving v. Virginia, 388 U. S. 1, 12 (1967). Turner v. Safley, 482 U. S. 78 (1987). Zablocki v. Redhail, 434 U. S. 374 (1978).